TASK 5.2

 1. Presentational Media

Explore and share entertainment and information have produced this shifted constitution of our culture (Marshall 2010). 

For example --> In the last half-decade, internet usage in all its manifestations is now challenging and in some cases surpassing television viewing in many countries in Australasia, North America and Europe (Gorman, 2008, Nielsen, 2008; Microsoft, 2009). 

2. Intercommunicative Self 

Celebrities presented themselves in their cultural forms as performers, but they also were presented in interview structures and in celebrity gossip settings (Marshall 2010). 

For example --> Demi Moore and Ashton Kutcher are famous for their use of images through Twitpics that are emerging from their private lives in order to construct and control a com- plete persona, thereby bypassing the traditional media. Kutcher’s posting of a picture of the backside of Demi in her underwear is particularly noteworthy as an example of celebrity actively playing between different intercommunicative registers in his public distribution of what could only be thought of as a private moment (Kells 2009, Kutcher 2009). 

3. The parasocial self

Identifies the new need for celebrities to stay connected in some way to this shifted relationship to an audience and a public to gain the engagement (Marshall 2010).

For example --> Ashton Kutcher and Demi Moore, the celebrity royalty of Twitter, only follow 261 and 113, respectively (Kutcher 2009, Moore 2009). They do, however, make an effort to reply to fans’ messages.

4. The private self for public presentation

There are three ways of looking at on-line production of the public version of the private self :

- Public Self : This is the official version that in celebrity parlance would be the industrial model of the individual. It would identify release dates of recordings and films, premieres and appearances, performance videoclips, the path to get tickets for spe- cific appearances and events and biographical profiles of the most fawning nature (Marshall 2010).

- Public Private Self : It is in this version of the self that the celebrity engages, or at least appears to engage, in the world of social networking. It is a recognition of the new notion of a public that implies some sort of further exposure of the individual’s life (Marshall 2010). 

- Transgressive Intimate Self : is the one motivated by temporary emotion; but it is also the kind of information/ image that passes virally throughout the internet because of its visceral quality of being closer to the core of the being (Marshall 2010). 

For example --> Elizabeth Taylor’s Twitter posts exposed her grief-stricken self in response to Michael Jackson’s death (Taylor 2009). What may have appeared appropriate for one’s closest friends is, in this case, shared with hundreds of thousands who pass it on virally to millions.

Reference List :

Marshall D (2010) 'The promotion and presentation of the self: celebrity as marker of presentational media' Journal of Celebrity Studies, 1(1):35-48, https://doi.org/10.1080/19392390903519057.